Independent UK non-ministerial department responsible for competition and consumer protection, with an explicit remit to promote effective competition in digital markets. Its digital markets work, including the mobile ecosystems and search-related investigations, determines how choice screens, default placement and platform self-preferencing operate for UK users.
Mobile ecosystems market study; digital markets competition regime; online choice architecture guidance.
Competition and Markets Authority (CMA) is a regulator based in United Kingdom.
6 other regulators, plus others based in United Kingdom.
Statutory, not-for-profit regulator and manager of South Africa's .za namespace, accountable to the Department of Communications and Digital Technologies. It decides which second-level domains exist under .za and sets registration policy, which directly governs how South African sites acquire the ccTLD domains used for country targeting in search.
South Africa's self-regulatory body for advertising content, adjudicating complaints against the South African Code of Advertising Practice. Its rulings cover digital and web practitioners, so they bind claims made in landing pages, paid search copy and influencer content aimed at South African audiences.
UK advertising self-regulator established in 1962 to keep advertising legal, decent, honest and truthful, working alongside the Committee of Advertising Practice which writes the codes. Its rulings cover paid search ads, affiliate content and influencer disclosure, and non-compliant advertisers can have their paid search ads restricted.
New Zealand's advertising self-regulation body, setting the codes that require advertising to be truthful and socially responsible and handling public complaints. Its codes apply to digital advertising and to advertiser-controlled online content, including search and social ads.
Independent, voluntary self-regulatory organisation ensuring Indian advertisements are fair, honest and compliant with the ASCI Code. Its guidelines on influencer disclosure, dark patterns and greenwashing directly constrain claims made in Indian landing pages, affiliate content and search advertising.
Tunisia's national internet agency, which operates core national internet infrastructure and services connected to the .tn namespace. It is the reference public body for Tunisian domain and connectivity matters that affect how Tunisian sites are hosted and country-targeted.